7月2日，清华软件论坛第二十五期邀请到美国卡内基梅隆大学助理教授吴彤霜（Sherry Tongshuang Wu）作题为“实用AI系统：从通用到专用（Practical AI Systems: From General-Purpose AI to (the Right) Specific Use Cases）”的学术报告。软件学院及其他院系师生40余人通过线上和线下相结合的方式参会。软件学院副院长刘世霞主持会议。

吴彤霜作报告

吴彤霜在报告中指出，当前通用大语言模型优先考虑整体表现，因此会忽略特定用户的需求；当通用大语言模型与人类协作时需要考虑如何针对特定用例评估和定制通用模型。围绕这一问题，她首先介绍了在众包流程中加入大语言模型对其能力进行的评估，通过评估发现大语言模型与人类在不同任务上的能力存在区别，应当给两者分配不同的任务。对于应当由人类完成的任务，她展示了针对程序设计初学者的教育系统，说明了可以通过大语言模型与人类的交互训练，人类更好地完成任务。对于应当由大语言模型完成的任务，她介绍了如何使用提示以及嵌入计算使大语言模型的输出与人类意图对齐，以及如何针对特定任务使用大语言模型完成检索与生成训练数据与检索预训练模型，进而训练得到可以部署的模型。最后，她对人类与大语言模型交互的未来进行了展望，讨论了两者通过合作达到1+1>2的愿景。

会议现场

在报告之后的提问环节，吴彤霜就模型的评估与选择、大语言模型的组合应用以及大语言生成测试数据等问题与参会师生进行了广泛深入的交流。

【嘉宾简介】

Sherry Tongshuang Wu is an Assistant Professor in the Human-Computer Interaction Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. Her research lies at the intersection of Human-Computer Interaction and Natural Language Processing, and primarily focuses on how humans (AI experts, lay users, domain experts) can practically interact with (debug, audit, and collaborate with) AI systems. To this end, she has worked on assessing NLP model capabilities, supporting human-in-the-loop NLP model debugging and correction, as well as facilitating human-AI collaboration. She has authored award-winning papers in top-tier NLP, HCI and Visualization conferences and journals such as ACL, CHI, TOCHI, TVCG, etc. Before joining CMU, Sherry received her Ph.D. degree from the University of Washington and her bachelor degree from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and has interned at Microsoft Research, Google Research, and Apple. You can find out more about her at http://cs.cmu.edu/~sherryw.